A Rare Congenital Cardiac Anomaly Presenting with Amaurosis Fugax: Quadricuspid Aortic Valve

A Rare Congenital Cardiac Anomaly Presenting with Amaurosis Fugax: Quadricuspid Aortic Valve

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Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare cause of aortic regurgitation.Most cases are detected incidentally during echocardiography, angiography, autopsy or surgery.It may also be associated with other congenital anomalies of the heart.A 27-year-old male was admitted to Wooden Stacking our department to evaluate the etiology of amaurosis fugax.On physical examination, his blood pressure was 125/85 mmHg, and an evident diastolic murmur of grade 2/6 was heard at the third left intercostal space.

Results of electrocardiography and chest radiography were normal.Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography revealed a quadricuspid aortic valve, a mild aortic regurgitation.The importance of recognizing this condition lies in the fact that more than 50% of people with Action Figure QAV require valve replacement in the fifth or sixth decade of life, because of worsening aortic regurgitation.